ALMOND OIL, sweet (Prunis communis dulcis)

Sweet almond oil is obtained from the dried kernels of the almond tree. It softens and soothes the skin. It is a heavy oil prominently used as a carrier oil in the making of beauty and cosmetic products and is an excellent emollient, which is quickly absorbed by the skin.

 Almond oil has a rich concentration of oleic and linoleic essential fatty acids. It also contains Vitamins A and is a rich source of Vitamin E. It has been proven useful for people with skin allergies and inflammations which lead to dry and sensitive skin. It preserves moisture and lessens further moisture loss from dry and damaged skin.

Sweet Almond oil contains anti-microbial properties which help prevent bacterial infection that are involved in conditions like acne vulgaris. Widely used for lightening the skin, regular use clears the complexion and leaves it soft and supple.

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ALOE VERA

parts used; leaves

 The number one application for burns, excellent for sunburn. The extract is obtained from the plants succulent leaves. The plant itself is a handy living addition to our first aid kits. Use the gel fresh from the leaf for burns. Just slice open the leaf longways and apply directly to the affected area. It may sting a lttle at first but instantly rehydrates the area.
 Rehydrates the skin. Aloe contains active compounds that stop pain and inflammation, and stimulate skin growth and repair.

 Some evidence also suggests that Aloe can improve certain skin conditions such as Psoriasis and acne.
 Excellent for soothing and healing nappy rash.

Aloe Vera Gel is taken as an internal remedy for intestinal inflammations. It does the same thing as on the skin. Soothes inflamed surfaces.Can be very helpful in colitis, gastroenteritis and diverticulitis.

As a homeopathic remedy it is useful for gushing diarrhoea, with pain in the rectum and protruding piles. It also helps to strengthen the smooth muscles of the veins.

The Aloe originates from tropical Africa, where related species are used as an antidote to poison arrow wounds, it has been used by many cultures and different healing modalities. It was used as a purgative in the middle ages, in the west and also in China. In Ayurvedic medecine the gel is used as a cooling agent. For a more in depth look at aloe vera go to Trishas blog

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APRICOT OIL (Prunus Armeniaca)

Parts used ; Kernels

Apricot Oil is pressed from the kernels of the wild apricot and is very similar to Almond oil. The kernels have an oil content of between 40-50%.

Apricot oil is suitable for all skin types but especially useful for sensitive, inflamed, delicate or dry skin, the elderly and the very young. This is because it is readily absorbed, and naturally gentle and mild.

It is used as a carrier oil in aromatherapy and  in massage it assists in the absorbtion of other agents.

The oil is composed of the essential fatty acids....oleic acid and linoleic acid and the "skin vitamins" A & E. All of these substances help to soothe irritated skin whilst also nourishing. Regular use of apricot kernel oil or products containg it can help keep skin smooth and flexible. 

A few drops of warm oil massaged into the scalp and/ or added to your conditioner can help with dryness and leaves the hair feeling softer and less frizzy.

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AVOCADO OIL (Persea Americana)

Parts used ; Flesh of fruit

Avocado oil is obtained from the ripe flesh of the avocado pear. It has a rich consistency and is a beautiful deep green. It shares many properties with Olive oil, deeply regenerating and moisturising.

Avocado oil is a rich source of fatty acids...oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, stearic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acid.

High in Vitamins A, D & E, potassium, lecithin, phytosterol, and carotenoids.

Avocado oil is a natural sun filter. It is high in Sterolins which are reputed to reduce age spots, and help heal sun damage and scars. It is the sterolins in the oil that helps to soften the skin and impart a superior moisturising affect. Particularly useful for dehydrated and sun-damaged skin, the sterolins assist in the regeneration and rejunevation of the skin.

Avocado oil is found to increase the amount of collagen in the skin. It is easily and deeply absorbed, proving helpful for dryness and itching of eczema and psoriasis

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ARNICA MONTANA  belonging to the daisy family (Asteraceae)

parts used: flowering tops

Traditionally used for years all over the world in mountainous areas, where it naturally grows. An excellent trauma remedy, it is not to be taken internally except in homeopathic doses. It has a direct action on the heart and the circulation.

Arnica works chiefly on blood vessels and the soft tissues of the body. Whenever a trauma has been sustained, with bleeding in the tissues causing bruising.

Helps reduce pain and speeds absorption of blood under the skin.

Homeopathically arnica can be used after labour and delivery, surgical operations, and is a remedy to think of in the first instance after a stroke.

Not to be applied to broken skin - as it may cause irritation.

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BEESWAX

Beeswax is a biologically active product containing high bactericidal properties which are retained even after processing.

Vitamin A, an antioxidant, with skin regenerative properties, helps the skin stay soft, smooth and firm, increases elasticity.

It has an extremely high amount of carotin, which is a precursor to vitamin A.

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BLACK WALNUT (Juglans Nigra)

The bark, leaves, fruit and the casing of the walnut are used medicinally by herbalists.

The bark and leaves have alterative, laxative, astringent and detergent properties and are traditionally used in the treatment of a variety of skin troubles.

They are of the highest value in treating scrofulous diseases and healing indolent ulcers.

The walnut is bursting with chemical activities: anti-oxidant, antiseptic, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-fungal and anti-parasitic.  For a more in depth look at walnut go to Trishas blog

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BURDOCK  (Arctium Lappa)

Parts used ; root
 
During the middle ages, burdock was valued for treating a host of ailments, internal and external. It was used for purifying the blood for it acts on sweat glands and clears the skin, a tincture or fluid extract of the seeds being used for the treatment of chronic skin complaints. Burdock has played an important role (along with red clover) in Native American medicine.

Western herbalists consider the root the most important part of burdock, and use it as a cleansing eliminative remedy whenever there is a build-up of toxins leading to skin problems, digestive sluggishness, or arthritic pains.

It is not fully understood which chemicals in Burdock are responsible for its healing properties, but the plant has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and anti-carcinogenic activities.

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CALENDULA (Calendula Officinalis)

parts used; flowering tops

These golden flowers are one stop shop for a multitude of skin complaints.

Useful for open, torn, cut, lacerated, ragged or suppurating wounds. It promotes healthy granulation, Helps abort or mature boils and abscesses and make acrid discharges healthy and free. 

During the American Civil war Calendula was used to stop the blood flow from battle wounds.

As an homeopathic remedy, stands alongside arnica and bellis perennis as first aid and trauma remedies par excellence. Acts on damaged tissues, after operations, muscles, when the pain is excessive and out of all proportion to the injury, after tooth extraction, after delivery.

 The flowers have anti-spasmodic, anti-fungal, anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-viral properties.

For a more in depth look at Calendula go to Trishas Blog

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CHICKWEED (Stellaria Media) 

parts used ; aerial parts

Another humble little weed that is a STAR. When my children were babies, I would always make wonderful salads, mainly out of weeds gathered from my unruly garden and chickweed was always one of the ingredients. It's great on sandwiches with vegemite etc. It loves to grow in damp shady places.

It is packed with silica, minerals, vitamins A, B & C. Saponins (itch-relieving compounds) and fatty acids.

It's brilliant for the itch of eczema or dermatitis.

Traditionally it has been used for cleansing tonics, cystitis, rheumatic joints, boils and abscesses.

For a more in depth look at Chickweed go to Trishas blog

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CLEAVERS or CLIVERS (Gallium Aparine)

The whole plant is used when just coming into flower.

In the old herbals, clivers is extolled for its powers as a purifier of the blood.

A wash from the plant is said to be useful for sunburn and freckles.

The herb has a special curative reputation with reference to cancerous growth and allied tumours, an ointment made from the plant to dress the ulcerated parts. The aerial parts, used fresh are said to be a potent diuretic and lymphatic cleanser, effective in many cases involving lymph or swollen lymph glands. Helps the body release toxins.

Can juice the fresh plant or eat as a vegetable cooked as you would spinach.

For a more in depth look at Cleavers go to Trishas blog

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COMFREY (Symphytum Officinalis) - commonly known as knitbone or boneset.

parts used ; root and flowering tops.

The root contains a crystalline solid, allantoinin, that stimulates the growth of epithelium (cell tissue) on ulcerated surfaces. Acts as a cell proliferator, astringent, demulcent.
It is useful as a dressing for sores or ulcers and Pruritis Ani (itchy anus). Stubborn wounds like varicose ulcers.

The aerial parts more common usage is for injuries to tendons and periosteum (the surface layer of bones), joints and cartilage strains and sprains, arthritic joints, fractures and broken bones. One is recommended to make sure that the bone is set properly before administering the herb.

Organic gardeners are most familiar with this useful plant. It can be dug in to the trough when planting potatoes, and is beneficial as a potash rich fertilizer. The leaves will decompose without robbing nitrogen from the crop. The wilted leaves are so rich in nutrients that they compare favourably with farmyard manure and the best compost. (see my blog re growing organic spuds)

Homeopathically, Symphytum is also a remedy for injury. For non-union of fractures, phantom pain after amputation and persistent periosteal pain after healing. For more in depth look at comfrey go to Trisha's blog

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COMMON LAWN DAISY (Bellis Perennis)

parts used ; whole plant

 This little daisy compares to Arnica and is a deep trauma remedy.

Often trampled underfoot. Used to be known as bruisewort. Muscles that are sore and bruised.

Works on muscular fibres of the blood vessels and areas rich in glandular tissue like the neck, breasts and testicles.

Can be used for the treatment of injuries that have a lot of soreness, swelling, or a bruised feeling. Soothes varicose veins.

Homeopathically, bellis is a remedy that is traditionally used for injuries, wounds and trauma to the pelvic area. Useful after surgery to the pelvic area. Most useful after childbirth when the mother has deep bruising or venous stasis and varicose veins. For a more in depth look at bellis go to Trishas blog

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FENNEL  Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) 

Parts used ; seeds

Has a long history of medicinal and culinary use. All parts of the plant are used. The seeds, leaves, stalks and bulb. The seeds are used to make the active tincture and can also be used as a tisane or tea. The leaves are used in salads or cooking typically with fish, as are the bulbs, eaten raw or steamed. Fennel has a refreshing aniseed flavour, and the seeds when chewed are an aid to digestion and help freshen the breath.

Fennel has many activities; anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic, expectorant, diuretic, stimulant, oestrogenic.

Most commonly used for treating digestive disorders; constipation, colic, cramping, gas and bloating.

Also used for treating asthma, bronchitis, coughs, helps to clear mucus.

Used for hormonal balancing, an oestrogen agent (hence the acne cream)  for menopause, promotes menstruation, increase milk production in lactating women, increases libido.

Anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial particularly useful in targeting the bacteria involved in acne.

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HARAKEKE, New Zealand Flax (Phormium Tenax)

Parts used: leaf, root, seeds, gum and stalks.

The value placed on the flax by the old-time Maori can perhaps be assessed by the astonishment expressed by some chiefs in the early days of contact when apprised of the fact that the plant did not then grow in England. They asked "how is it possible to live there without it?".

All parts of the plant have been traditionally used. Growing flax for rope making was a huge industry before synthetic rope was developed. Medicine, basketry, clothing, lining of houses, binding of wounds, tying off the umbilical cord, splints, thread.are just a few of the many uses.

Different varieties of flax, have different uses and qualities. Some are softer and used for making fine cloaks or the fine fibre (muka) was used as a sponge for cleaning wounds. 

Traditionally the flax root and leaf were used by the Maori to treat internally and externally a myriad of ailments. It has so many applications; cutaneous diseases such as ringworm and venereal disease,  boils, gangrene,scrofula, tumours, abscesses, varicose ulcers, amputations, bruises, bleeding, burns, toothache, worms, indigestion,

The root and rhizome were used to treat measles, small-pox and other eruptions, severe bayonet and gunshot wounds. In the small-pox epidemic of 1862 the native doctors used a "new" treatment which was said to be very successful. They boiled the root of the flax and then smeared it on as an ointment.

Last summer I started using fine strips of flax to tie up my tomato plants. Wherever plants need tying up I will be using flax from now on. Just soften the fibre first by running your thumbnail along the strip. 

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 HOROPITO (Pseudowintera colorata) PEPPER TREE  

 Parts used:  Leaves

The Horopito plant is most well known for its action against candida.  The active constituent of horopito is polygoidal which mades the "hot taste" in peppery spices, producing significant anti-bacterial and anti-fungal  properties.  It has been shown to inhibit the growth of candida albicans and other yeast-like fungi.

Externally useful for fungal infections, such as candida albicans and ringworm, wounds cuts and burns.  Horopito stimulates the cirulation of the skin.

Traditionally, skin complaints were treated by the Maori of New Zealand using bruised leaves that had been steeped in water or chewed.

 Fungus Salve

HORSE CHESTNUT (Aesculus Hippocastanum)

Parts used: Seeds, leaves and bark.

Horse chestnut seed extract (HCSF) is used in Europe as a treatment for chronic venous insufficiency. The seeds have been used as an analgesic and vasoconstrictor.

Today horse chestnut seed extract is the most widely prescribed medication in Germany for chronic venous insufficiency and oedema.

Homoeopathically it is used for engorged haemorrhoidal veins. Venous stasis in general, purple varicose veins. The anus is raw and sore, haemorrhoids with sharp shooting pains up the back, blind or bleeding.

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JOJOBA OIL (simmondsis chinensis) 

parts used : seeds

Jojoba Oil is not actually an oil but is the liquid wax produced in the seed of the jojoba plant. A shrub native to Southern Arizona, California and parts of Mexico. Some of the Native American people have used jojoba for many hundreds of years, treating sores, cuts, bruises, burns, as a food supplement, cooking oil and as a skin and hair treatment.

The oil makes up half of the weight of the seed. The jojoba wax is the most similar compound in nature to human skin oil. It is a very stable oil, doesn't go rancid or lose antioxidants. It is a polyunsaturated liquid wax made of fatty acids and esters. Rich in Vitamin E it is easily absorbed and is thought to 'trick' the skin into slowing down sebum production.

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KAWAKAWA  (Macropiper Excelsum) pepper tree 

Parts used:  Leaves and Bark

Kawakawa was one of the most important and frequently used plants in Rongoa (medicine)  Maori.

Externally used for cuts, wounds, bruises and rheumatism and for the pain of neuralgic conditions, toothache, nettle stings and eczema, venereal diseases and festering sores. The maori would make steam baths, infused with the leaves.

The leaves were often chewed and used for stomach pains and indigestion. Also stimulates the appetite, Diuretic, anti-inflammatory and anti-neuralgia activities. Internally, used as a blood purifier and tonic.  Useful for urinary and digestive disorders.

Chewing the leaves for toothache is something I have done and recommend. Works better than a conventional painkiller, it anesthetises the painful part, until you can get to the dentist. The leaves taste like cloves when chewed.

I make a tonic of Kawakawa leaves and Kumarahou leaves by adding a handful of each to a pot with a  few cups of water and simmering for about 3/4 an hour or until the liquid has reduced by about half. Strain the liquid off and store in the fridge for up to a week. Drink a small teacupful a day. This is useful as a liver tonic, for debility and general fatigue and also for bronchitis and chest ailments.

When taking leaves, flowers, roots or bark from any plant there are particular ways and times to gather  without damage to the plant and optimising the active elements within the gathered material. More importantly there is a natural way to approach our ngahere when gathering  rongoa, which involves asking permission and waiting for an answer.

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KOROMIKO, Veronica (Hebe sticta/salicifolia)

Parts used: Flowering tops.

Amongst the Maori this plant has always played an important part in ritual ceremonies, as well as being widely known for the curative properties of its leaves to heal skin diseases as well as various internal ailments, especially diarrhoea and dysentery.

Poultices of koromiko were used for many skin disorders; abcesses , venereal diseases, tumours  ulcerated parts piles, excessive bleeding after childbirth, babies sore skin.

The  leaves were used fresh, or chewed and applied as a poultice, or used in a steam bath.

 Koromiko is well known amongst NZ herbalists as an internal remedy for diarhoea or dysentry. My father's grandfather.... back in the day...well over 80 years ago, used to give his sheep koromiko leaves to eat when they had the 'scours'

As one of the Flower essences it is called the Wisdom Essence, imbuing spiritual equilibrium,grace, tranquility, peace and poise.

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KUMARAHOU (Pomaderris kumarahou)

   Parts Used:  Leaves

Commonly known as poverty weed or gum-diggers soap, it was used by the gum-diggers in Northland, New Zealand in early colonial times.  The flower head was crushed and mixed with a little water to produce a soapy lather.

Kumarahou is another traditional  Rongoa (medicine) of Maori  that is still widely used today.  A brew is made with a handful of leaves, simmered for an hour in about 2 litres of water and the liquid strained off and a small cupful drunk daily. Of undoubted value for lung conditions, particularly bronchitis.  Also taken internally for colds and asthma.  Was used by old-time Maori of New Zealand, for treating tuberculosis. It is a blood purifier, tonic and liver cleanser.

For external use the leaves were boiled and the liquid obtained used as a strong, soothing and healing agent for sores, wounds, rashes and skin irritations.

The leaves can also be used fresh on the skin.

Externally, old- time Maori made an ointment from the leaves and applied to skin cancers.

 Solar X

LIQUORICE (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Parts used ; root

Liquorice root and liquorice root extract has been utilized for medicinal purposes and consumption for thousands of years. The most common and well known use for liquorice is to relieve upset stomachs however liquorice root extract has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties and be able to clear up skin issues such as acne.

Liquorice root extract possesses natural anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents that can soothe skin affected by blemishes. If also assists in limiting the production of irritants in the body that contribute to the formation of acne.

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MAKOMAKO (Aristelia serrata)

   Parts used:  Leaves and Bark

Traditional Maori Rongoa (medicine) hugely effective when used for treating burns, from fire or scalding water.  The bark or the leaves could be used as a poultice or as a wash. Contains tannic acid, giving it astringent properties.

Was also used as a poultice or internally taken as a treatment for rheumatism.

Leaves were steeped in hot baths for arthritis and rheumatism.

The colonial settlers ate the fruit, made a jelly from the fruit and also a wine, perhaps giving it its common name "wineberry".

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 MANUKA (leptospermum scoparium) tea tree, 

Parts used:  Leaves and Young Shoots

 The Manuka has been traditionally used by the New Zealand Maori for a variety of complaints internally and externally.  Vapour baths were used to treat lumbago, rheumatism, and ease childbirth. Leaves, seeds and bark after preparation were also used as poultices and ointments for ringworm, burns and scalds, sprains, wounds lesions from venereal diseases, eczema among other things.

Today, the honey made from Manuka flowers is established to be anti-bacterial, and used in hospitals for such things as leg ulcers and slow healing wounds.

Successfully used for bacterial and fungal infections, slow healing ulcers and sores, wounds, candida and athletes foot.

As well as being anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, it has astringent properties owing to the high tannin levels which helps reduce inflammation.

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MANUKA HONEY UMF15+

Bees gather Manuka honey from the nectar of flowers of the manuka bush, a N Z native plant. This bush grows wild in undeveloped, unspoilt and regenerating land, common throughout the country.

UMF is the name of a very beneficial anti-bacterial property found in some strains of Manuka Honey.

UMF has been found (in laboratory studies) to be effective against a wide range of bacteria including the very resistant helicobacter pylori (which causes most stomach ulcers) and the wound-infecting staphylococcus aureus. When applied topically, it assists the natural healing of skin ulcers, boils, wounds, burns, cracked skin and MRSA.

UMF (Unique Manuka Factor) indicates the honey has a high and measurable antibacterial component, which gives this honey special healing properties. Only some strains of Manuka honey contain this extra anti-bacterial property which is very stable and not easily destroyed by heat or light.

Manuka Honey with UMF  is gathered from the manuka flowers only in a few places in NZ, because UMF is not in the nectar of all Manuka flowers. The reason for this is not yet known, research is continuing to try to discover whether there are certain strains of plant, or whether it is soil or climatic variations that create the UMF.

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MAIRE TAWAKE (Syzgium maire)

Parts used:  Inner bark

Traditional Rongoa (medicine) used by the Maori of New Zealand for the treatment of ringworm and other scurfy diseases.

Internally was used for treating asthma, bronchitis, whooping cough, colds etc.

Fungus Salve

MARSHMALLOW ROOT (Althaea officinalis)

Parts used : roots, flowers and leaves.

Marshmallow has been used since Anciernt Egyption times. The root rich in sugars is very mucilaginous and softening for the tissues, being demulcent, emollient and diuretic. It has been used down the centuries in many cultures for treating tumours and cancers and swellings. Internally herbalists recommend it's use for coughs, dryness of the mucus membranes, bronchitis, cystitis and urinary disorders, and digestive disturbances.

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NETTLE (Urtica Dioica) 

Parts used: Whole flowering tops.

Although stinging nettle is best known for it's stinging rash produced on contact with the skin it does deserve greater recognition. It was once widely used as a tonic , the plants young tops (from which the irritating factor can be removed by boiling) are rich in protein, iron and Vitamins A & C, and make a healthy tea, soup or green vegetable. The nettle stings, because of histamine and formic acid in the hairs which trigger the allergic response. Rubbing a crushed dock leaf (often growing close by) on the affected area can help soothe the pain. Stinging nettle is widely used to treat rheumatism and poor circulation, neuralgia, gout and joint aches and pains.

Main properties are analgesic, anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory. Also a circulatory stimulant, astringent, diuretic, nutritive, promotes milk flow, lowers blood sugar levels. 

According to tradition, Caesars troops introduced The Roman Nettle into Britain because they thought they would need to flail themselves with nettles to keep warm and until recently "ûrtication" or beating with nettles was a standard folk remedy for arthritis and rheumatism. For a more indepth look at stinging nettle go to Trisha's blog

Aches and Pains

NEW ZEALAND JASMINE ESSENCE

Practicality. Helps to turn negatives into positives. Knows own strengths and personal worths. A mature attitude to resources.

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OLIVE OIL (Olea europaea)

Parts used : the olive fruit, extra virgin cold-pressed

Olive oil contains many substances essential for healthy skin.

Vitamin A, an antioxidant, with skin regenerative properties, helps the skin stay soft, smooth and firm, increases elasticity.

Vitamin E, an antioxidant with skin moisturising systems, that prevents skin irritation and has anti-inflammatory properties.

Beta Carotene, an antioxidant with photo protection properties.

Squalene, an excellent moisturiser and helps reduce skin irritation.

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PLANTAIN Plantago Major

 Parts used: The leaves, seeds and roots.

There are many recorded usages in New Zealand by maori and pakeha from 1830 onwards, for treating scalds, burns, ulcers, malignant ulcers, suppurating sores, abscesses and boils, cuts and wounds and for drawing poison.
The Broad leaf plantain seems to have followed the migration of colonists to every part of the world. In both America and New Zealand it has been called "the Englishman's foot" or "the White Man's foot".
The Saxons esteemed it highly and in the old "Lacnunga" it is mentioned as one of the nine sacred herbs. In this most ancient source of Anglo-Saxon medicine, we find this "Salve for flying venom".
Plantain is edible and medicinal, the young leaves are edible raw in salad or cooked as a pot herb, they are very rich in vitamin B1 and riboflavin. The herb has a long history of use as an alternative medicine dating back to ancient times. Being used as a panacea (medicinal for everything) in some cultures, one American Indian name for the plant translates to "life medicine." And recent research indicates that this name may not be far from true! The chemical analysis of Plantgo Major reveals the remarkable glycoside Aucubin. Acubin has been reported in the Journal Of Toxicology as a powerful anti-toxin.  The leaves and the seed are medicinal used as an antibacterial, antidote, astringent, antiinflammatory, antiseptic, antitussive, cardiac, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, haemostatic, laxative, ophthalmic, poultice, refrigerant, and vermifuge. Medical evidence exists to confirm uses as an alternative medicine for asthma, emphysema, bladder problems, bronchitis, fever, hypertension, rheumatism and blood sugar control. A decoction of the roots is used in the treatment of a wide range of complaints including diarrhoea, dysentery, gastritis, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, haemorrhage, haemorrhoids, cystitis, bronchitis, catarrh, sinusitis, coughs, asthma and hay fever. It also causes a natural aversion to tobacco and is currently being used in stop smoking preparations. Extracts of the plant have antibacterial activity, it is a safe and effective treatment for bleeding, it quickly stops blood flow and encourages the repair of damaged tissue. The heated leaves are used as a wet dressing for wounds, skin inflammations, malignant ulcers, cuts, stings and swellings and said to promote healing without scars. Poultice of hot leaves is bound onto cuts and wounds to draw out thorns, splinters and inflammation. The root is said to be used as an anti-venom for rattlesnakes bites. Plantain seeds contain up to 30% mucilage which swells in the gut, acting as a bulk laxative and soothing irritated membranes. The seeds are used in the treatment of parasitic worms. A distilled water made from the plant makes an excellent eye lotion. For a more in depth look at plantain go to Trishas Blog

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PATETE  Schefflera digitata (Seven finger)

Parts used:  Bark, Sap and Leaves

Traditional Rongoa (medicine) used by the Maori of New Zealand.  Has been shown to contain falcarindiol, which has activities for treating skin diseases.  Was used to treat scrofulous sores and ringworm.  A useful fungicide against athletes foot.

Was used as a tonic just before childbirth to allow a safe delivery and the large soft leaves were used to wrap the newborn baby in.

 Fungus Salve

POROPORO  Solanum Aviculare

Parts used; berries, leaves, inner bark.

The Poroporo berry was a food source for the maori of New Zealand. The berries are poisonous when eaten green but safe when ripe. The leaves were also used in cooking in the umu ( steam oven)  imparting flavours to the cooking meat.

Medicinally the poroporo had many uses. There are many recorded instances of it's effectiveness amongst the early settlers as well as maori for healing "the itch" The leaf was used for the itch, a poultice for sores, chronic eczema, and psoriasis.  The leaves were beaten and used as a poultice on old soresand ulcers.

Internally the proporo was used by the maori as an effective contraceptive. A factory was established at Waitara in 1978 for extracting the steroid hormone extract to be added to contraceptive pills and for treating rheumatoid arthritis however the   plant closed in 1981.

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RED CLOVER (Trifolium Pratense)

Parts used ; flowering tops

Helps to relieve the itch of conditions like, eczema, psoriasis, dry crusty skin, cradle cap. Used by the American Indians for skin diseases, particularly chronic skin conditions. A delicate sweet and medicinal tea is made from the fresh or dried flowers, it is alterative, antiscrofulous, antispasmodic, aperient, detergent, diuretic, expectorant, sedative and tonic. Red Clover has also shown anticancer activity, poultices of the herb have been used as local applications to cancerous growths.

The isoflavones isolated from red clover have been studied for their effectiveness in treating some forms of cancers. It is thought that the isoflavones prevent the proliferation of cancer cells and that they may even destroy cancer cells. For a more indepth look at red clover go to Trishas blog

  Everyday Balm, Solar-X,  Calm Comfort Cream, Forever Face Cream

ROSE LIGHT ESSENCE

Potentised LIght Essence of particular roses that grow here in our garden. Assists in facilitating  forgiveness and the understanding that healing has already happened. Opens our heart to experience  compassion for ourselves and for others.

All balms and creams

ROSEHIP OIL  (Rosa rubignosa or Rosa mosqueta)

Rosehip oil is made from the seeds contained within the hips of roses that grow wild in the Andes.

It is high in both linoleic and linolenic fatty acids which are believed to be responsible for its ability to encourage regeneration and repair skin tissue. It is unique among vegetable oils in containing retinol ( Vitamin A) It is also high in Vitamin C.  Rosehip Oil is used in the treatment of damaged skin tissue including scars and burns, dermatitis, eczema, acne, mature skin and photo-aging. It improves the texture of dry and wrinkled skin. It is one of the finest and lightest oils that are used in skin preparations.

Forever Face Cream

ROSEMARY (Rosmarinus Officinalis)

Parts used: Leaves and flowers.

A powerful herbal healer which is often passed over and used only as a culinary plant. Rosemary was a favoured herb in early apothecary gardens.
Applied to the skin, rosemary essential oil helps strengthen the capillaries and has a rejuvenating effect. For this reason, rosemary is a common ingredient used in many cosmetics, including skin toners, creams, soaps and hair products.

However, beyond being a flavouring-enhancer for certain foods and its use in cosmetics, you may not be aware that rosemary extract has a long history of medicinal uses too. It has been used to treat a wide range of ailments, including stomach upsets, digestive disorders and headaches.

Recent research is now revealing even more benefits attached to this remarkable herb, including its ability to help prevent cancer and age-related skin damage, boost the functioning of the liver and act as a mild diuretic to help reduce swelling.

Two of the most important ingredients in rosemary, which are thought to be largely responsible for many of these therapeutic actions, are caffeic acid and rosemarinic acid - both are potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Oil of rosemary has potent anti-fungal, anti-herpetic, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant activities.

Rosemary is an important plant for liver detox and support. For a more in depth look at rosemary go to Trisha's blog

Viral Salve, Fungus Salve

SUNFLOWER OIL

The oil obtained from sunflower seeds like most other oils is excellent in helping the skin retain moisture. What sets sunflower oil apart however is that it can additionally provide the skin with a natural barrier of protection against bacteria and others irritants which are at the root of most blemish issues. Sunflower oil is non-comedogenic, which means that (like Jojoba oil) it will not cause pimples, spots or black-heads. This makes it ideal for use in preparations used on oily or acne-prone skin. It is also very high in the anti-oxidants A,C,D and E which prevent free-radicals from damaging your skin and creating wrinkles and premature aging.
Sunflower oil contains linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. The amount of linoleic acid and oleic acids various from 40 to 70 percent and 14 to percent respectively. The existence of various type of acids make sunflower oil very effective for treating bacterial infections.

Calm Comfort Cream, Teenage Cream

ST JOHN'S WORT (Hypericum Perforatum)
parts used; flowers and leaves

An excellent remedy for injuries to nerves, fingers, toes, nails and whitlows. Relieves pain!!

Insect bites are soothed, the itch relieved.

Lacerated injuries, abrasions, burns, anything where nerve endings are damaged or exposed.

Has anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties.

 Warrior Balm, Everyday Balm, Pile it On, Baby Bottom Balm, Viral Salve, Mothers Bottom Balm, Teenage Cream, Calm Comfort Cream

 For a more in depth look at St Johns Wort go to Trishas blog

THYME (Thymus Vulgaris)

Parts used: Leaves and Flowering tops

Thyme is well known as a culinary herb, but has also been used for centuries in respiratory complaints, as an expectorant for coughs, particularly in the treatment of whooping cough and has been used historically as a tonic. Thyme also has antiseptic, antispasmodic anti-fungal and anti-parasitic properties.  It can be used to treat scabies, lice, intestinal worms and candida, gastic fermentation, wind and colic.

Like many other herbs with a high content of volatile oil, thyme has strong anti-bacterial properties.  The volatile oil components of thyme have been shown to have anti-microbial activity against a host of different bacteria and fungi. Staphalococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichchia coli, and Shigella sonnei are a few of the species against which thyme has been shown to have anti-bacterial activity.  Thymol, a major constituent of thymes volatile oil, is powerful, and should not be used internally without a qualified herbal physicians advice. For a more indepth look at thyme go to the Blog page

 Fungal Salve

TOTARA (Podocarpus Totara)

Parts used:  Leaves and Bark

The Totara was put to multiple uses by the old time Maori of New Zealand.  A well as a medicine for eczema, venereal sores and lesions, and haemorrhoids, it was used for housing, canoes, musical instruments, toys, torches, water containers, and food containers.

Traditional Rongoa (medicine) used by the Maori for treating haemorrhoids.  They would make a hole or short tunnel in an earth bank, with a small shaft for an outlet. A small smokey fire of chips or shavings of the Totara is made in this tunnel, the smoke escaping by the shaft, over which the person sits, covered with a sheet or cloak to prevent the smoke from escaping too rapidly.  Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.

 Pile It On

TURMERIC (Curcuma Longa)
Parts used ; root

Turmeric is a member of the ginger family and has been a traditional remedy in ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for thousands of years.

It is used externally for reducing inflammations, treating skin diseases and healing wounds.

Turmeric has extremely high anti-oxidant activities. In Asia, it is added to food to prevent oxidisation. It is also claimed to be anti-carcinogenic and used topically on the skin for cancerous affections.

In 1990, D.K. Shallini, in Biochemical Pharmacology, reported that turmeric provided DNA protection from oxidative damage by carcinogens.

In 1988, N.T. Huang reported that skin tumours in mice were inhibited at the rate of 98% by turmeric.

Solar-x

VIOLET (Viola Odorata)

Parts used: leaves and flowers.

The common garden sweet violet. Medicinally the whole plant is used, and has been for centuries, for a variety of disorders, internal and external.

Violets have antiseptic and anti-mutagenic properties and are rich in vitamins A and C.

The violet plant is haemostatic and has the ability to hasten healing, hence its use for gastric and duodenal ulcers, and to treat cancers, both externally and internally. The dried flowers have been used in Siberia for centuries to treat cancers and ulcers. Lucas 1977 says that the Chinese were making a poultice from the plant to treat surface cancers as long ago as 500BC. The list goes on.  For a more in depth look at violet go to Trishas blog page

Solar-X, Forever Face Cream

WHAU ESSENCE

Letting go of the of the outgrown and the outworn. Eliminating and shedding the old. Times of pain, transition personal transformation and release

Calm Comfort Cream

WHITE WILLOW  (Salix Alba)

Part used ; inner bark

 Willow was one of the first herbs to be scientifically investigated. In the 19th century the French chemist Leroux extracted the active ingredient "Salicine". By 1852 it was being synthetically produced and by 1899 a less irritant and unpleasant-tasting variant of the substance (acetyl salicylic acid) was manufactured and marketed as aspirin.

The willow is traditionally used for treating feverish diseases, chills, agues, pain, inflammations, neuralgia, headache, gout and rheumatic ailments, and arthritic joints.

 Aches and Pains

WITCH HAZEL (Hamamelis Virginiana)

Parts used: Bark,twigs and leaves.

Witch hazel is a valuable medicinal plant for checking internal and external haemorrhage, most efficacious in the treatment of piles. A good pain-killer for the same, useful for bruises and inflammatory swellings.

Witch hazel has been supposed to owe its utility to an action on the muscular fibre of veins. It is excellent applied to varicose veins, bleeding or otherwise.

Witch hazel contains tannins which are highly astringent. Properties are hemostatic and styptic (contracts blood vessels). For a more in depth look at witch hazel go to the blog page

Pile it On, Mothers Belly Balm, Forever Face Cream

YARROW (Achillea Millefolium)
Parts used ; whole plant

Tincture made from the whole plant is employed for bleeding piles.

Yarrow has been used as a medicine for centuries. It is said to have been used on battlefields to staunch bleeding wounds.

Externally yarrow stops bleeding, makes tissue contract, inhibits bacterial growth, helps tissue heal and reduces inflammation.

Activities are anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-herpetic and analgesic. For a more indepth look at yarrow go to Trisha's blog

Pile it On, It Works, Mothers Belly Balm